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Update 03_ABAP_SQL.md

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Dan
2022-12-13 10:34:21 +01:00
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03_ABAP_SQL.md
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@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ ABAP](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=
conditions](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abenjoin_condition_glosry.htm "Glossary Entry"). conditions](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abenjoin_condition_glosry.htm "Glossary Entry").
- Note: - Note:
- Similar to database tables, the columns of such a view form a - Similar to database tables, the columns of such a view form a
flat structure. Hence, the view's name can be used to declare flat structure. Hence, the view's name can be used, for example, to declare
data objects, too. data objects, too.
- The views can be accessed by ABAP SQL, especially for reading - The views can be accessed by ABAP SQL, especially for reading
purposes using `SELECT`. purposes using `SELECT`.
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ SELECT FROM source "What db table or view to read from
internal tables as targets, the resulting table is a standard table internal tables as targets, the resulting table is a standard table
and has an empty key which might have an impact when further and has an empty key which might have an impact when further
processing the internal table entries. Find more information in the processing the internal table entries. Find more information in the
ABAP cheat sheet [Working with Internal Tables](01_Internal_Tables.md). ABAP cheat sheet [Working with Internal Tables](01_Internal_Tables.md). Apart from `DATA`, you can also make use of the declaration operator [`FINAL`](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abenfinal_inline.htm) in newer ABAP releases with which you can create [immutable variables](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abenimmutable_variable_glosry.htm).
<p align="right">(<a href="#top">back to top</a>)</p> <p align="right">(<a href="#top">back to top</a>)</p>
@@ -261,7 +261,9 @@ SELECT SINGLE FROM dbtab
"Alternative syntax without the FIELDS addition "Alternative syntax without the FIELDS addition
"When reading into an existing target variable on the basis of a selected "When reading into an existing target variable on the basis of a selected
"set of fields, use a CORRESPONDING addition in the INTO clause "set of fields, use a CORRESPONDING addition in the INTO clause so as not
"to mess up the read result if not all fields of a structure are present
"in the SELECT list.
SELECT SINGLE comp1, comp2, comp3   "Selected set of fields SELECT SINGLE comp1, comp2, comp3   "Selected set of fields
  FROM dbtab   FROM dbtab
@@ -393,7 +395,7 @@ target table (provided that there will not be an issue regarding the
type). type).
``` abap ``` abap
SELECT FROM dbtab SELECT FROM dbtab
  FIELDS comp1 AS alias1, comp2 AS alias2, comp3 AS alias3   FIELDS comp1 AS comp_a, comp2 AS comp_b, comp3 AS comp_b
  WHERE ...   WHERE ...
  INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE @itab.   INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE @itab.
``` ```
@@ -593,7 +595,7 @@ SELECT FROM zdemo_abap_flsch
  char`X` AS flag, "Typed literal   char`X` AS flag, "Typed literal
  @upto as num, "Host variable   @upto AS num, "Host variable
  @( cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) ) as date "Host expression   @( cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) ) as date "Host expression
@@ -716,7 +718,7 @@ SELECT SINGLE
"case-sensitive by default (case_sensitive parameter can be specified) "case-sensitive by default (case_sensitive parameter can be specified)
"Notes on the result: 1 = found, 0 = not found "Notes on the result: 1 = found, 0 = not found
"Result: 1 "Result: 1
like_regexpr( pcre  = '..', "Period that is followed by any character like_regexpr( pcre  = '\..', "Period that is followed by any character
               value = url ) AS like_regex,                value = url ) AS like_regex,
"Returns position of a substring in an expression, "Returns position of a substring in an expression,
@@ -728,7 +730,7 @@ SELECT SINGLE
"Searches a PCRE pattern, returns offset of match; "Searches a PCRE pattern, returns offset of match;
"many optional parameters: occurrence, case_sensitive, start, group "many optional parameters: occurrence, case_sensitive, start, group
"Result: 21 "Result: 21
locate_regexpr( pcre = '..', "Period followed by any character locate_regexpr( pcre = '\..', "Period followed by any character
                 value = url,                  value = url,
                  occurrence = 2 ) "2nd occurrence in the string                   occurrence = 2 ) "2nd occurrence in the string
                 AS locate_regexpr,                  AS locate_regexpr,
@@ -747,7 +749,7 @@ SELECT SINGLE
"Counts all occurrences of found PCRE patterns "Counts all occurrences of found PCRE patterns
"Result: 2 "Result: 2
occurrences_regexpr( pcre = '..', occurrences_regexpr( pcre = '\..', "Period that is followed by any character
                       value = url ) AS occ_regex,                        value = url ) AS occ_regex,
"Replaces the 2nd argument with the 3rd in an expression "Replaces the 2nd argument with the 3rd in an expression
@@ -757,7 +759,7 @@ SELECT SINGLE
"Replaces a found PCRE expression; "Replaces a found PCRE expression;
"more parameters possible: occurrence, case_sensitive, start "more parameters possible: occurrence, case_sensitive, start
"Result: http://www#ufthansa#om "Result: http://www#ufthansa#om
replace_regexpr( pcre = '..', replace_regexpr( pcre = '\..', "Period that is followed by any character
                   value = url,                    value = url,
                   with = '#' ) AS replace_regex,                    with = '#' ) AS replace_regex,
@@ -785,7 +787,7 @@ SELECT SINGLE
"Searches for a PCRE expression and returns the matched substring "Searches for a PCRE expression and returns the matched substring
"More parameters possible: occurrence, case_sensitive, start, group "More parameters possible: occurrence, case_sensitive, start, group
"Result:.lu "Result:.lu
substring_regexpr( pcre = '...', substring_regexpr( pcre = '\...', "Period that is followed by any two characters
                     value = url ) AS substring_regexpr,                      value = url ) AS substring_regexpr,
"All lower case letters are transformed to upper case letters "All lower case letters are transformed to upper case letters
@@ -897,7 +899,7 @@ SELECT
- [Arithmetic - [Arithmetic
expressions](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abensql_arith.htm) expressions](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abensql_arith.htm)
to perform arithmetic calculations using the operators `+`, to perform arithmetic calculations using the operators `+`,
`-`, [`*]`, `/`, `-`, `*`, `/`,
- [Cast - [Cast
expressions](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abensql_cast.htm) expressions](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abensql_cast.htm)
to convert the value of operands to a dedicated dictionary type. to convert the value of operands to a dedicated dictionary type.
@@ -1113,6 +1115,7 @@ SELECT FROM dbtab
        "(Not) between a value range         "(Not) between a value range
        "comp1 BETWEEN 1 AND 10         "comp1 BETWEEN 1 AND 10
"comp1 NOT BETWEEN 1 AND 10
        "A character literal has a certain pattern, preceded and         "A character literal has a certain pattern, preceded and
        "followed by any string.         "followed by any string.
@@ -1131,7 +1134,7 @@ SELECT FROM dbtab
         "comp1 IS INITIAL          "comp1 IS INITIAL
        "Combination of logical expression using AND, OR and parentheses         "Combination of logical expression using AND, OR and parentheses
        "( comp1 = a AND comp2 < b ) OR ( comp3> c AND comp4 <> d )         "( comp1 = a AND comp2 < b ) OR ( comp3 > c AND comp4 <> d )
  INTO TABLE @DATA(itab_where).   INTO TABLE @DATA(itab_where).
``` ```
@@ -1228,8 +1231,7 @@ When used:
- Whenever you need intermediate results in a `SELECT` - Whenever you need intermediate results in a `SELECT`
statement and especially if you need them more than once. statement and especially if you need them more than once.
- You get the option of selecting directly from a subquery [SELECT - You get the option of selecting directly from a subquery (`SELECT FROM subquery`), which is not possible in ABAP SQL.
FROM subquery], which is not possible in ABAP SQL.
How it works: How it works: