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danrega
@@ -1,44 +1,11 @@
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***********************************************************************
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*
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* ABAP cheat sheet: String processing
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*
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* -------------------------- PURPOSE ----------------------------------
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* - Example to demonstrate various syntax options for processing
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* character strings.
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* - Topics covered: Creating strings and assigning values, chaining strings,
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* string templates, concatenating/splitting/modifying strings, searching
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* and replacing, regular expressions
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*
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* ----------------------- GETTING STARTED -----------------------------
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* - Open the class with the ABAP development tools for Eclipse (ADT).
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* - Choose F9 to run the class.
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* - Check the console output.
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* - To understand the context and the ABAP syntax used, refer to the
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* notes included in the class as comments or refer to the respective
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* topic in the ABAP Keyword Documentation.
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* - Due to the amount of console output, the examples contain numbers
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* (e.g. 1) ..., 2) ..., 3) ...) for the individual example sections.
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* Also, the variable name is displayed in most cases. So to find
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* the relevant output in the console easier and faster, just search
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* for the number/variable name in the console (CTRL+F in the console)
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* or use the debugger.
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*
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* ----------------------------- NOTE -----------------------------------
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* The code presented in this class is intended only to support the ABAP
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* cheat sheets. It is not intended for direct use in a production system
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* environment. The code examples in the ABAP cheat sheets are primarily
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* intended to provide a better explanation and visualization of the
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* syntax and semantics of ABAP statements, not to solve concrete
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* programming tasks. For production application programs, you should
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* always work out your own solution for each individual case. There is
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* no guarantee for the correctness or completeness of the code.
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* Furthermore, there is no legal responsibility or liability for any
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* errors or their consequences that may occur when using the the example
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* code.
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*
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***********************************************************************
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"! <p class="shorttext synchronized">ABAP cheat sheet: String processing</p>
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"! Example to demonstrate string processing.<br>Choose F9 in ADT to run the class.
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"! <p class="shorttext"><strong>String processing</strong><br/>ABAP cheat sheet example class</p>
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"!
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"! <p>The example class demonstrates various syntax options for processing character strings.<br/>
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"! Choose F9 in ADT to run the class.</p>
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"!
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"! <h2>Note</h2>
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"! <p>Find information on <strong>getting started with the example class</strong> and the
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"! <strong>disclaimer</strong> in the ABAP Doc comment of class {@link zcl_demo_abap_aux}.</p>
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CLASS zcl_demo_abap_string_proc DEFINITION
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PUBLIC
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FINAL
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@@ -99,14 +66,14 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_string_proc IMPLEMENTATION.
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DATA(str_a6) = `efgh`. "Type string
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"Note: Variable is of type c length 4. Characters are truncated.
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"In newer ABAP releases, the following statement shows a syntax
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"warning that the value of the literal (intentionally specified
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"here like this) is not an admissable value for the target type.
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"Therefore, the example is provided differently to circumvent the
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"In newer ABAP releases, the following statement shows a syntax
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"warning that the value of the literal (intentionally specified
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"here like this) is not an admissable value for the target type.
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"Therefore, the example is provided differently to circumvent the
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"syntax warning.
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"char_a2 = 'ijklmnopq'.
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TYPES c_l9 TYPE c LENGTH 9.
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DATA some_char TYPE c_l9 VALUE 'ijklmnopq'.
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char_a2 = some_char.
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@@ -302,7 +269,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_string_proc IMPLEMENTATION.
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**********************************************************************
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out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `6) Concatenating Strings` ) ).
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out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `6a) Concatenating Strings` ) ).
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DATA(str_f1) = `Hallo`.
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DATA(str_f2) = `world`.
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@@ -381,6 +348,58 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_string_proc IMPLEMENTATION.
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out->write( |\n| ).
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out->write( data = alphabet5 name = `alphabet5` ).
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**********************************************************************
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out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `6b) Literal Operator` ) ).
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"Literal operator
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"Used to combine character literals of the same type into a single character literal
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DATA(abap) = 'AB' & 'AP'.
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"Note an upper limit of 255 characters
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"If you remove the comment, which results in a combined character literal
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"of 256 characters, a syntax error is displayed.
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DATA(c_limit_255) =
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'##################################################' & "50 x #
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'##################################################' &
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'##################################################' &
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'##################################################' &
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'##################################################' &
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'#####'
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"& '#'
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.
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"Trailing blanks are respected
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DATA(char_with_blanks) = 'AB' & 'AP' & ' '.
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"Using RTTI to get type information, retrieving the output length of the combined literal
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DATA(output_length) = CAST cl_abap_elemdescr( cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_data( char_with_blanks ) )->output_length.
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out->write( data = output_length name = `output_length` ).
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out->write( |\n| ).
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DATA(ch1) = 'AB'.
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DATA(ch2) = 'AP'.
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"Not possible as the operands are not character literals but data objects
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"DATA(combined_ch) = ch1 & ch2.
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"Not to be confused with the concatenation operator && to concatenate
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"character-like operands; at runtime, any number of character-like operands
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"are possible
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"The result in the example is of type string.
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DATA(combined_ch_with_conc_op) = ch1 && ch2.
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"Concatenation similar to the example above
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"As the result is of type string using the concatenation operator, the
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"trailing blanks are not respected.
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DATA(char_with_blanks_conc_op) = 'AB' && 'AP' && ' '.
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DATA(len1) = strlen( char_with_blanks_conc_op ).
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DATA(len2) = numofchar( char_with_blanks_conc_op ).
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out->write( data = len1 name = `len1` ).
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out->write( |\n| ).
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out->write( data = len2 name = `len2` ).
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**********************************************************************
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out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `7) Splitting Strings` ) ).
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@@ -427,6 +446,11 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_string_proc IMPLEMENTATION.
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ENDTRY.
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ENDDO.
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"SPLIT statement specifying a colon after INTO
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DATA(some_text) = `Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit`.
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SPLIT some_text AT ` ` INTO: DATA(str1) DATA(str2) DATA(str3) DATA(str4), TABLE DATA(tab).
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out->write( data = str_g2 name = `str_g2` ).
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out->write( |\n| ).
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out->write( data = str_g3 name = `str_g3` ).
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@@ -446,6 +470,16 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_string_proc IMPLEMENTATION.
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out->write( data = itab_g2 name = `itab_g2` ).
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out->write( |\n| ).
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out->write( data = seg_nom name = `seg_nom` ).
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out->write( |\n| ).
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out->write( data = str1 name = `str1` ).
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out->write( |\n| ).
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out->write( data = str2 name = `str2` ).
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out->write( |\n| ).
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out->write( data = str3 name = `str3` ).
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out->write( |\n| ).
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out->write( data = str4 name = `str4` ).
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out->write( |\n| ).
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out->write( data = tab name = `tab` ).
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**********************************************************************
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@@ -1558,6 +1592,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_string_proc IMPLEMENTATION.
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out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `25) Complex Searching Using ` &&
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`Regular Expressions` ) ).
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"Also note the cheat sheet example on regular expressions in ABAP.
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DATA(str_y) = `Cathy's black cat was fast asleep on the mat. ` &&
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`Later that day, the cat played with Matt.`.
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@@ -2247,5 +2282,159 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_string_proc IMPLEMENTATION.
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ENDIF.
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out->write( data = match name = `match` ).
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***********************************************************************
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"------------------------ Byte String Processing ------------------------
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out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `34) Determining the Length of xstrings` ) ).
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DATA(hi) = `Hello world`.
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DATA(conv_xstring) = cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_out( codepage = `UTF-8` )->convert( hi ).
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DATA(len_str) = strlen( CONV string( conv_xstring ) ).
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out->write( data = len_str name = `len_str` ).
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DATA(len_xstr) = xstrlen( conv_xstring ).
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out->write( data = len_xstr name = `len_xstr` ).
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***********************************************************************
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out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `35) Character String and Byte String Processing with ABAP Statements` ) ).
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DATA off TYPE i.
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DATA(abc_str) = `abc def ghi jkl mno pqr stu vwx yz`.
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DATA(copy_str) = abc_str.
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"-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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"------------------------ FIND and REPLACE statements ------------------------
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"-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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"------------------------ IN CHARACTER MODE addition ------------------------
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"Searching for the first blank in the string
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FIND ` ` IN abc_str IN CHARACTER MODE MATCH OFFSET off.
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"The following example is the same as the previous as the IN CHARACTER MODE
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"addition is optional. The FIRST OCCURRENCE OF addition is also optional.
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"Just using FIND without FIRST OCCURRENCE OF means searching for the first
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"occurrence by default.
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FIND FIRST OCCURRENCE OF ` ` IN abc_str MATCH OFFSET off.
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"Searching for all blanks in the string
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FIND ALL OCCURRENCES OF ` ` IN abc_str IN CHARACTER MODE RESULTS DATA(res).
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DATA(offsets_of_findings) = concat_lines_of(
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table = VALUE string_table( FOR wa IN res ( condense( val = CONV string( wa-offset ) to = `` ) ) ) sep = `, ` ).
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"Replacing the first blank in the string
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REPLACE ` ` IN abc_str WITH `#` IN CHARACTER MODE.
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abc_str = copy_str.
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"Replacing all blanks in the string
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REPLACE ALL OCCURRENCES OF ` ` IN abc_str WITH `#` IN CHARACTER MODE.
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abc_str = copy_str.
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"------------------------ IN BYTE MODE addition ------------------------
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"Converting to xstring
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DATA(abc_xstr) = cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_out( )->convert( abc_str ).
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DATA(blank_xstr) = cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_out( )->convert( ` ` ).
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DATA(repl_xstr) = cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_out( )->convert( `#` ).
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DATA(copy_xstr) = abc_xstr.
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"Searching for the first byte that represents a blank in the UTF-8 code page
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FIND blank_xstr IN abc_xstr IN BYTE MODE MATCH OFFSET off.
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FIND ALL OCCURRENCES OF blank_xstr IN abc_xstr IN BYTE MODE RESULTS res.
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DATA(offsets_of_findings_xstr) = concat_lines_of(
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table = VALUE string_table( FOR wa IN res ( condense( val = CONV string( wa-offset ) to = `` ) ) ) sep = `, ` ).
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"Replacing the first byte that represents a blank in the UTF-8 code page
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REPLACE blank_xstr IN abc_xstr WITH repl_xstr IN BYTE MODE.
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abc_xstr = copy_xstr.
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"Replacing all bytes that represent a blank in the UTF-8 code page
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REPLACE ALL OCCURRENCES OF blank_xstr IN abc_xstr WITH repl_xstr IN BYTE MODE.
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"-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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"--------------------------- CONCATENATE statements --------------------------
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"-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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DATA(part_str1) = `abc`.
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DATA(part_str2) = `def`.
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CONCATENATE part_str1 part_str2 INTO DATA(concat_str) IN CHARACTER MODE.
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CONCATENATE part_str1 part_str2 INTO concat_str SEPARATED BY `/` IN CHARACTER MODE.
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"Same as above
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CONCATENATE part_str1 part_str2 INTO concat_str.
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CONCATENATE part_str1 part_str2 INTO concat_str SEPARATED BY `/`.
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DATA(part_xstr1) = cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_out( )->convert( part_str1 ).
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DATA(part_xstr2) = cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_out( )->convert( part_str2 ).
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DATA(sep_xstr) = cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_out( )->convert( `/` ).
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CONCATENATE part_xstr1 part_xstr2 INTO DATA(concat_xstr) IN BYTE MODE.
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DATA(concat_xstr_converted) = cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_in( )->convert( concat_xstr ).
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CONCATENATE part_xstr1 part_xstr2 INTO concat_xstr SEPARATED BY sep_xstr IN BYTE MODE.
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concat_xstr_converted = cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_in( )->convert( concat_xstr ).
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"Creating a table of type xstring
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DATA(xstr_table) = VALUE xstring_table( ( part_xstr1 ) ( part_xstr2 ) ).
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CONCATENATE LINES OF xstr_table INTO DATA(concat_xstr_tab) IN BYTE MODE.
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DATA(concat_xstr_tab_converted) = cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_in( )->convert( concat_xstr_tab ).
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"-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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"------------------------------- SHIFT statements ----------------------------
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"-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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DATA(test_string) = `abcdef`.
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DATA(copy) = test_string.
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SHIFT test_string IN CHARACTER MODE.
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test_string = copy.
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"Same as
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SHIFT test_string.
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test_string = copy.
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DATA(test_xstr) = cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_out( )->convert( test_string ).
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SHIFT test_xstr IN BYTE MODE.
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"-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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"------------------------------- SPLIT statements ----------------------------
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"-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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test_string = `abc def`.
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SPLIT test_string AT space INTO DATA(test_str1) DATA(test_str2) IN CHARACTER MODE.
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SPLIT test_string AT space INTO TABLE DATA(tab_str) IN CHARACTER MODE.
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"Same as above
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SPLIT test_string AT space INTO test_str1 test_str2.
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SPLIT test_string AT space INTO TABLE tab_str.
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test_xstr = cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_out( )->convert( test_string ).
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blank_xstr = cl_abap_conv_codepage=>create_out( )->convert( ` ` ).
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SPLIT test_xstr AT blank_xstr INTO DATA(xstr1) DATA(xstr2) IN BYTE MODE.
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SPLIT test_xstr AT blank_xstr INTO TABLE DATA(xstr_tab) IN BYTE MODE.
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out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>no_output ).
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ENDMETHOD.
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ENDCLASS.
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ENDCLASS.
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user