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danrega
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@@ -1,44 +1,11 @@
***********************************************************************
*
* ABAP cheat sheet: Structures
*
* -------------------------- PURPOSE ----------------------------------
* - Example to demonstrate various syntax options for working with
* structures.
* - Topics covered: creating structures and structured types, variants
* of structures, accessing components of structures, filling structures,
* clearing structures, structures in use in the context of tables
*
* ----------------------- GETTING STARTED -----------------------------
* - Open the class with the ABAP development tools for Eclipse (ADT).
* - Choose F9 to run the class.
* - Check the console output.
* - To understand the context and the ABAP syntax used, refer to the
* notes included in the class as comments or refer to the respective
* topic in the ABAP Keyword Documentation.
* - Due to the amount of console output, the examples contain numbers
* (e.g. 1) ..., 2) ..., 3) ...) for the individual example sections.
* Also, the variable name is displayed in most cases. So to find
* the relevant output in the console easier and faster, just search
* for the number/variable name in the console (CTRL+F in the console)
* or use the debugger.
*
* ----------------------------- NOTE -----------------------------------
* The code presented in this class is intended only to support the ABAP
* cheat sheets. It is not intended for direct use in a production system
* environment. The code examples in the ABAP cheat sheets are primarily
* intended to provide a better explanation and visualization of the
* syntax and semantics of ABAP statements, not to solve concrete
* programming tasks. For production application programs, you should
* always work out your own solution for each individual case. There is
* no guarantee for the correctness or completeness of the code.
* Furthermore, there is no legal responsibility or liability for any
* errors or their consequences that may occur when using the the example
* code.
*
***********************************************************************
"! <p class="shorttext synchronized">ABAP cheat sheet: Structures</p>
"! Example to demonstrate working with structures.<br>Choose F9 in ADT to run the class.
"! <p class="shorttext"><strong>Structures</strong><br/>ABAP cheat sheet example class</p>
"!
"! <p>The example class demonstrates various syntax options for working with structures.<br/>
"! Choose F9 in ADT to run the class.</p>
"!
"! <h2>Note</h2>
"! <p>Find information on <strong>getting started with the example class</strong> and the
"! <strong>disclaimer</strong> in the ABAP Doc comment of class {@link zcl_demo_abap_aux}.</p>
CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures DEFINITION
PUBLIC
FINAL
@@ -146,11 +113,35 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD if_oo_adt_classrun~main.
out->write( |ABAP Cheat Sheet Example: Structures\n\n| ).
out->write( |ABAP cheat sheet example: Structures\n\n| ).
**********************************************************************
out->write( |1) Creating structures and structured types\n| ).
out->write( |1) Globally available structures and structured types\n| ).
"Creating structures based on globally available structured types
"Database table
DATA struc_from_dbtab TYPE zdemo_abap_fli.
"CDS view entity
DATA struc_from_cds_ve TYPE zdemo_abap_fli.
"CDS abstract entity
DATA struc_from_cds_abs TYPE zdemo_abap_abstract_ent.
"CDS table function
DATA struc_from_cds_tab_func TYPE zdemo_abap_table_function.
"Globally available structured type in the public visibility section of
"classes/interfaces
DATA struc_from_struc_type_in_cl TYPE zcl_demo_abap_amdp=>fli_struc.
"Creating structured types based on globally available structured types
TYPES ty_struc_from_dbtab TYPE zdemo_abap_fli.
TYPES ty_struc_from_cds_ve TYPE zdemo_abap_fli.
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>no_output ).
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `2) Nested structure` ) ).
"The following declarations are just included for demonstration purposes
"to show how declarations of local structures and structured
@@ -213,12 +204,12 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
"Declaring structure inline and populating it using the VALUE operator
DATA(struc_inl2) = VALUE lty_struc( num1 = 1 num2 = 2 ).
out->write( `No output for this section. See the code.` ).
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>no_output ).
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `Variants of structures` ) ).
out->write( |2) Flat structure with default values\n\n| ).
out->write( |3) Flat structure with default values\n\n| ).
"Flat structures only contain elementary data types
@@ -235,7 +226,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `3) Nested structure` ) ).
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `4) Nested structure` ) ).
"Nested structures contain at least one structure as component
@@ -260,7 +251,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `4) Deep structure with strings` ) ).
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `5) Deep structure with strings` ) ).
"Deep structures contain at least one deep component, for
"example, internal tables, strings.
@@ -276,7 +267,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `5) Deep structure with internal table as component` ) ).
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `6) Deep structure with internal table as component` ) ).
"Structured type for nested internal table
TYPES: BEGIN OF lty_flights,
@@ -308,7 +299,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `Accessing and populating structures` ) ).
out->write( |6) Populating structure components using the component selector\n\n| ).
out->write( |7) Populating structure components using the component selector\n\n| ).
gs_struc-num1 = 1.
gs_struc-num2 = 2.
@@ -320,7 +311,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `7) Populating structure components ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `8) Populating structure components ` &&
`using the VALUE operator` ) ).
"Value assignments by addressing the structure components individually
@@ -373,7 +364,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `8) Creating and populating a new structure ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `9) Creating and populating a new structure ` &&
`using the VALUE operator` ) ).
"In the example below in which a new structure is created by declaring
@@ -391,7 +382,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `9) Accessing individual components using the ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `10) Accessing individual components using the ` &&
`component selector` ) ).
"Assigning value of individual component to a variable
@@ -412,7 +403,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `10) Excursion: Addressing components of a variable` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `11) Excursion: Addressing components of a variable` &&
` referring to a structure ` ) ).
"Creating a data reference variable.
@@ -433,7 +424,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `11) Using structure components for ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `12) Using structure components for ` &&
`data type and data object declarations` ) ).
TYPES: lty_1 TYPE gty_struc-num1,
@@ -448,7 +439,39 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `12) Copying content of a structure to another ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `13) Creating and populating an anonymous structure ` &&
`using the NEW operator` ) ).
"In the example below in which a new structure is created by declaring
"a variable inline the '#' sign cannot be used before the parentheses
"because a type cannot be derived. Instead, the type must be
"specified before the parentheses explicitly.
"Creating a data reference variable
TYPES struc_type LIKE ls_flat_address.
DATA addr_ref1 TYPE REF TO struc_type.
"Populating the anonymous structure
addr_ref1 = NEW #( name = `Mr. Duncan Pea`
street = `Vegetable Lane 11`
city = `349875 Botanica` ).
addr_ref1->name = `Mrs. Jane Doe`.
"Declaring an anonymous structure/a data reference variable inline
DATA(addr_ref2) = NEW struc_type( name = `Mr. Duncan Pea`
street = `Vegetable Lane 11`
city = `349875 Botanica` ).
out->write( data = addr_ref2->* name = `addr_ref2->*` ).
addr_ref2->* = VALUE #( BASE addr_ref2->* name = `Mr. John Doe` ).
out->write( data = addr_ref2->* name = `addr_ref2->*` ).
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `14) Copying content of a structure to another ` &&
` that has the same type using the assignment operator` ) ).
"Note: In the case below, a MOVE-CORRESPONDING statement as shown
@@ -463,7 +486,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `13) Copying content of a structure to another` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `15) Copying content of a structure to another` &&
` that has an incompatible type using` &&
` MOVE-CORRESPONDING statemtns and the CORRESPONDING operator` ) ).
@@ -532,7 +555,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `14) Copying content of a deep ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `16) Copying content of a deep ` &&
`structure to another` ) ).
out->write( |Original content of deep structures:\n\n| ).
@@ -545,7 +568,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `15) MOVE-CORRESPONDING without additions` ) ).
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `17) MOVE-CORRESPONDING without additions` ) ).
"Notes on the result:
"- Existing content of identically named components is replaced.
@@ -569,7 +592,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `16) MOVE-CORRESPONDING with the ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `18) MOVE-CORRESPONDING with the ` &&
`EXPANDING NESTED TABLES addition` ) ).
"Notes on the result:
@@ -591,7 +614,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `17) MOVE-CORRESPONDING with the` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `19) MOVE-CORRESPONDING with the` &&
` KEEPING TARGET LINES addition` ) ).
"Notes on the result:
@@ -615,7 +638,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `18) MOVE-CORRESPONDING with the ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `20) MOVE-CORRESPONDING with the ` &&
`EXPANDING NESTED TABLES KEEPING TARGET LINES addition` ) ).
"Notes on the result:
@@ -640,7 +663,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `19) CORRESPONDING operator without additions` ) ).
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `21) CORRESPONDING operator without additions` ) ).
"Notes on the result:
"- Existing content of identically named components is replaced.
@@ -661,7 +684,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `20) CORRESPONDING operator with the` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `22) CORRESPONDING operator with the` &&
` DEEP addition` ) ).
"Notes on the result:
@@ -683,7 +706,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `21) CORRESPONDING operator with the` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `23) CORRESPONDING operator with the` &&
` BASE addition` ) ).
"Notes on the result:
@@ -707,7 +730,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `22) CORRESPONDING operator with the ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `24) CORRESPONDING operator with the ` &&
`DEEP BASE addition` ) ).
"Notes on the result:
@@ -730,7 +753,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `23) CORRESPONDING operator with the ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `25) CORRESPONDING operator with the ` &&
`APPENDING addition` ) ).
"Notes on the result:
@@ -754,7 +777,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `24) CORRESPONDING operator with the ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `26) CORRESPONDING operator with the ` &&
`DEEP APPENDING addition` ) ).
"Notes on the result:
@@ -777,7 +800,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `25) Clearing individual components of a ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `27) Clearing individual components of a ` &&
`structure and the complete structure` ) ).
"Clearing individual component
@@ -791,11 +814,23 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
out->write( data = gs_struc name = `gs_struc` ).
"Note: An assignment using the VALUE operator without entries in the parentheses clears the structure.
ls_flat_address = VALUE #( name = `Mr. Duncan Pea` ).
ls_flat_address = VALUE #( ).
ASSERT ls_flat_address IS INITIAL.
"The same applies to data reference variables pointing to structures.
addr_ref2 = NEW struc_type( name = `Mr. Duncan Pea` ).
addr_ref2 = NEW #( ).
ASSERT addr_ref2->* IS INITIAL.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `Processing structures` ) ).
out->write( |Reading a row from a database table into a structure ...\n\n| ).
out->write( |26) ... that has a compatible type\n\n| ).
out->write( |28) ... that has a compatible type\n\n| ).
"The first entry that is found according to the WHERE condition is
"returned. Instead of creating a structure having a compatible type,
@@ -819,7 +854,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `27) ... that has a different type` ) ).
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `29) ... that has a different type` ) ).
"Creating structure having a different type.
DATA: BEGIN OF ls_fli_diff,
@@ -842,7 +877,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `Reading a line from an internal table into a structure ...` ) ).
out->write( |28) ... using a SELECT statement\n\n| ).
out->write( |30) ... using a SELECT statement\n\n| ).
"Creating and filling an internal table to be read from
DATA itab TYPE TABLE OF zdemo_abap_flsch WITH EMPTY KEY.
@@ -862,7 +897,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `29) ... using a READ TABLE statement` ) ).
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `31) ... using a READ TABLE statement` ) ).
"The example shows the reading of one line into a work area, field
"symbol and a data reference variable, all representing structured
@@ -886,7 +921,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `30) ... using a table expression` ) ).
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `32) ... using a table expression` ) ).
"The line number, that is, the index, is specified in square
"brackets.
@@ -897,7 +932,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `Sequentially reading ...` ) ).
out->write( |31) ... a row from a database table into a structure\n\n| ).
out->write( |33) ... a row from a database table into a structure\n\n| ).
"In the given simple example, the line that is found and returned
"in a structure, that is declared inline, is simply added to an
@@ -916,7 +951,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `32) ... a line from an internal table into a structure` ) ).
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `34) ... a line from an internal table into a structure` ) ).
"The given example covers the reading of a line into a field symbol.
"Within the loop, a modification is carried out on a component
@@ -930,7 +965,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `33) Inserting a single row ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `35) Inserting a single row ` &&
`into a database table from a structure` ) ).
"The statements in the given example can be considered as
@@ -969,7 +1004,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `34) Updating a single row ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `36) Updating a single row ` &&
`in a database table from a structure` ) ).
ls_struc_db = VALUE #( key_field = 2
@@ -991,7 +1026,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `35) Updating a single row ` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `37) Updating a single row ` &&
`in a database table from a structure without overwriting specific ` &&
`components` ) ).
@@ -1014,7 +1049,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `36) Updating or creating a single` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `38) Updating or creating a single` &&
` row in a database table from a structure using MODIFY` ) ).
"You can update or create an individual row in a database table
@@ -1056,7 +1091,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `36) Adding rows to and updating single rows` &&
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `39) Adding rows to and updating single rows` &&
` in an internal table from a structure` ) ).
"INSERT and MODIFY are ABAP statements in this context, not ABAP SQL
@@ -1111,7 +1146,7 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `37) Including structures` ) ).
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `40) Including structures` ) ).
"The example shows the inclusion of structured types and data
"objects in another structure. First, three structured types as
@@ -1160,6 +1195,277 @@ CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
address-name_city = `Botanica`.
out->write( data = address name = `address` ).
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `41) Getting Structured Type Information and Creating Structures at Runtime` ) ).
TYPES: BEGIN OF demo_struc_type,
comp1 TYPE c LENGTH 3,
comp2 TYPE i,
comp3 TYPE string,
END OF demo_struc_type.
DATA demo_struc TYPE demo_struc_type.
DATA(tdo_c) = cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_data( demo_struc ).
"DATA(tdo_c) = cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_name( 'DEMO_STRUC_TYPE' ).
"Cast to get more specific information
DATA(tdo_struc) = CAST cl_abap_structdescr( cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_data( demo_struc ) ).
"DATA(tdo_struc) = CAST cl_abap_structdescr( tdo_c ).
DATA(type_category_struc) = tdo_struc->kind.
DATA(relative_name_struc) = tdo_struc->get_relative_name( ).
... "Explore more options by positioning the cursor behind -> and choosing CTRL + Space
DATA(type_of_struc) = tdo_struc->struct_kind.
DATA(struc_comps) = tdo_struc->components.
DATA(struc_comps_more_details) = tdo_struc->get_components( ).
DATA(struc_has_include) = tdo_struc->has_include.
DATA(struc_incl_view) = tdo_struc->get_included_view( ).
DATA(applies_to_data_struc) = tdo_struc->applies_to_data( `some string` ).
"Example: "Looping" across a structure
"For example, this may also be done using a DO loop and dynamic assignments.
"Demo structure, all components are convertible to type string
TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_struc,
comp1 TYPE c LENGTH 3,
comp2 TYPE string,
comp3 TYPE i,
comp4 TYPE n LENGTH 4,
END OF ty_struc.
DATA(struct) = VALUE ty_struc( comp1 = 'abc' comp2 = `ABAP` comp3 = 123 comp4 = '9876' ).
DATA looped_struc TYPE string.
"In the loop, a string is populated, component by component.
LOOP AT CAST cl_abap_structdescr( cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_data( struct ) )->components INTO DATA(comp).
looped_struc = |{ looped_struc }{ COND #( WHEN sy-tabix <> 1 THEN ` / ` ) }Name: "{ CONV string( comp-name ) }", Value: "{ struct-(comp-name) }"|.
ENDLOOP.
out->write( data = looped_struc name = `looped_struc` ).
**********************************************************************
out->write( zcl_demo_abap_aux=>heading( `42) sy Structure` ) ).
"Demonstrating prominent sy components that can be used in ABAP for Cloud Development
"------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"------------------ sy-subrc: Return code of ABAP statements ------------------
"------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"Many ABAP statements set a sy-subrc value. Check the ABAP Keyword Documentation
"for individual statements. Usually, the value 0 indicates a successful execution.
DATA(some_string) = `ABAP`.
"FIND statements
"Found
FIND `P` IN some_string.
ASSERT sy-subrc = 0.
"Not found
FIND `p` IN some_string RESPECTING CASE.
ASSERT sy-subrc = 4.
DATA(some_itab) = VALUE string_table( ( `a` ) ( `b` ) ( `c` ) ( `d` ) ).
"READ TABLE statements
"Entry available
READ TABLE some_itab INTO DATA(wa1) INDEX 3.
ASSERT sy-subrc = 0.
"Entry not available
READ TABLE some_itab INTO DATA(wa2) INDEX 7.
ASSERT sy-subrc = 4.
"ABAP SQL statements
DELETE FROM zdemo_abap_tab1.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
out->write( `DELETE: All rows were deleted.` ).
ELSE.
out->write( `DELETE: No row was deleted because it was already empty.` ).
ENDIF.
INSERT zdemo_abap_tab1 FROM TABLE @( VALUE #( ( key_field = 1 ) ( key_field = 2 ) ) ).
IF sy-subrc = 0.
out->write( `INSERT: All rows of the internal table were inserted.` ).
ENDIF.
INSERT zdemo_abap_tab1 FROM TABLE @( VALUE #( ( key_field = 3 ) ( key_field = 3 ) ) ) ACCEPTING DUPLICATE KEYS.
IF sy-subrc = 4.
out->write( `INSERT ... ACCEPTING DUPLICATE KEYS: sy-subrc has the value 4 in this case. Not all rows of the ` &&
`internal table were inserted because a row with the key already exists.` ).
ENDIF.
DELETE FROM zdemo_abap_tab1 WHERE key_field = 3.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
out->write( `DELETE: The row matching the WHERE condition was deleted.` ).
ELSE.
out->write( `DELETE: No match according to the WHERE condition.` ).
ENDIF.
DELETE FROM zdemo_abap_tab1 WHERE key_field = 3.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
out->write( `DELETE: The row matching the WHERE condition was deleted.` ).
ELSE.
out->write( `DELETE: No match according to the WHERE condition.` ).
ENDIF.
"------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"--------------------------- sy-index: Loop indexes ---------------------------
"------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CLEAR some_string.
"DO loops
DO 5 TIMES.
some_string = some_string && sy-index.
ENDDO.
ASSERT some_string = `12345`.
CLEAR some_string.
DO 10 TIMES.
some_string = some_string && sy-index.
IF sy-index = 7.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
ENDDO.
ASSERT some_string = `1234567`.
CLEAR some_string.
DATA number TYPE i.
"WHILE loop
WHILE number < 9.
number = sy-index.
some_string = some_string && number.
ENDWHILE.
ASSERT some_string = `123456789`.
"------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"------------------- sy-tabix: Row index of internal tables -------------------
"------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"Demo standard internal table with 5 entries
DATA(std_itab) = VALUE string_table( ( `a` ) ( `b` ) ( `c` ) ( `d` ) ( `e` ) ).
"READ TABLE statement using a free key
READ TABLE std_itab INTO DATA(wa3) WITH KEY table_line = `b`.
ASSERT sy-tabix = 2.
"Demo hashed internal table with 5 entries
DATA(hashed_itab) = VALUE string_hashed_table( ( `a` ) ( `b` ) ( `c` ) ( `d` ) ( `e` ) ).
"READ TABLE statement using a free key
READ TABLE hashed_itab INTO DATA(wa4) WITH KEY table_line = `b`.
"Hashed tables do not have a primary table index.
ASSERT sy-tabix = 0.
CLEAR some_string.
"LOOP statements
LOOP AT std_itab INTO DATA(wa5).
some_string = some_string && sy-tabix.
ENDLOOP.
ASSERT some_string = `12345`.
CLEAR some_string.
"Step addition
"In the example, the table is looped across backwards
"indicated by the negative value. The step size 1 indicates
"that each line is respected.
LOOP AT std_itab INTO DATA(wa6) STEP -1.
some_string = some_string && sy-tabix.
ENDLOOP.
ASSERT some_string = `54321`.
CLEAR some_string.
"Forward loop, step size = 2
LOOP AT std_itab INTO DATA(wa7) STEP 2.
some_string = some_string && sy-tabix.
ENDLOOP.
ASSERT some_string = `135`.
CLEAR some_string.
"FROM/TO additions
LOOP AT std_itab INTO DATA(wa8) FROM 2 TO 4.
some_string = some_string && sy-tabix.
ENDLOOP.
ASSERT some_string = `234`.
CLEAR some_string.
"STEP/FROM additions
LOOP AT std_itab INTO DATA(wa9) STEP 2 FROM 2.
some_string = some_string && sy-tabix.
ENDLOOP.
ASSERT some_string = `24`.
CLEAR some_string.
"Hashed table
LOOP AT hashed_itab INTO DATA(wa10).
some_string = some_string && sy-tabix.
ENDLOOP.
ASSERT some_string = `00000`.
"------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"------------------------ sy-dbcnt: Edited table rows -------------------------
"------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DELETE FROM zdemo_abap_tab1.
DATA(dbcnt) = sy-dbcnt.
out->write( |Dbtab rows deleted: { dbcnt }| ).
INSERT zdemo_abap_tab1 FROM TABLE @( VALUE #( ( key_field = 1 ) ( key_field = 2 ) ) ).
ASSERT sy-dbcnt = 2.
INSERT zdemo_abap_tab1 FROM TABLE @( VALUE #( ( key_field = 3 ) ( key_field = 3 ) ) ) ACCEPTING DUPLICATE KEYS.
ASSERT sy-dbcnt = 1.
MODIFY zdemo_abap_tab1 FROM @( VALUE #( key_field = 1 char1 = 'aaa' ) ).
ASSERT sy-dbcnt = 1.
UPDATE zdemo_abap_tab1 SET char2 = 'bbb'.
ASSERT sy-dbcnt = 3.
DELETE FROM zdemo_abap_tab1 WHERE num1 IS INITIAL.
ASSERT sy-dbcnt = 3.
"------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"------------- sy-fdpos: Occurrence in byte or character strings --------------
"------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"For example, relevant in comparison expressions such as CS (constains string).
"If the comparison is true, sy-fdpos contains the offset of the found value. If it
"is false, sy-fdpos contains the length of the searched string.
some_string = `###abap###`.
IF some_string CS `p`.
out->write( |The substring is found. Offset of first finding: { sy-fdpos }| ).
ELSE.
out->write( |The substring is not found. Length of searched string: { sy-fdpos }| ).
ASSERT sy-fdpos = strlen( some_string ).
ENDIF.
IF some_string CS `#`.
out->write( |The substring is found. Offset of first finding: { sy-fdpos }| ).
ELSE.
out->write( |The substring is not found. Length of searched string: { sy-fdpos }| ).
ASSERT sy-fdpos = strlen( some_string ).
ENDIF.
IF some_string CS `Y`.
out->write( |The substring is found. Offset of first finding: { sy-fdpos }| ).
ELSE.
out->write( |The substring is not found. Length of searched string: { sy-fdpos }| ).
ASSERT sy-fdpos = strlen( some_string ).
ENDIF.
ENDMETHOD.