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danrega
2025-02-07 14:13:47 +01:00
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27_Exceptions.md
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@@ -761,87 +761,102 @@ ENDDO.
Example:
```abap
"----------------------------------------------------------------------------
"------------ RESUMABLE addition in method declarations and ----------------
"------------ RESUMABLE addition with RAISE EXCEPTION/THROW -----------------
"----------------------------------------------------------------------------
"The following demo method declaration shows one prerequisite of resumable
"exceptions. The RAISING clause specifies a demo exception class with the
"RESUMABLE addition.
CLASS zcl_demo_abap DEFINITION
PUBLIC
FINAL
CREATE PUBLIC .
CLASS-METHODS meth_resumable
IMPORTING num1 TYPE i
num2 TYPE i
RETURNING VALUE(div_result) TYPE string
RAISING RESUMABLE(zcx_demo_abap_error_b).
PUBLIC SECTION.
INTERFACES if_oo_adt_classrun.
PROTECTED SECTION.
PRIVATE SECTION.
"The following demo method declaration shows one prerequisite of resumable
"exceptions. The RAISING clause specifies a demo exception class with the
"RESUMABLE addition.
CLASS-METHODS meth_resumable
IMPORTING num1 TYPE i
num2 TYPE i
RETURNING VALUE(div_result) TYPE string
RAISING RESUMABLE(zcx_demo_abap_error_b).
ENDCLASS.
...
"Demo method implementation demonstrating a RAISE EXCEPTION statement
"with the RESUMABLE addition (and an example for statement using the COND
"operator commented out)
METHOD meth_resumable.
CLASS zcl_demo_abap IMPLEMENTATION.
IF num2 = 0 AND num1 <> 0.
RAISE RESUMABLE EXCEPTION TYPE zcx_demo_abap_error_b.
div_result = `No result. Resumed!`.
ELSE.
div_result = num1 / num2.
ENDIF.
METHOD if_oo_adt_classrun~main.
"div_result = COND #( WHEN num2 = 0 AND num1 <> 0 THEN num1 / num2
" ELSE THROW RESUMABLE zcx_demo_abap_error_b( ) ).
"----------------------------------------------------------------------------
"----------------------- CATCH BEFORE UNWIND -------------------------------
"----------------------------------------------------------------------------
"Example using the method
"The following example creates a table containing integers from -5 to 5. This
"table is looped across to have different values for divisions. Here, this
"value represents the second operand. The first operand is the sy-tabix
"value. The result is added to an internal table. When the second operand's
"value is 0, the exception is raised. In the CATCH BEFORE UNWIND block, the
"is_resumable attribute is evaluated. An info message is added to the internal
"table, and the processing continues after executing the RESUME statement.
ENDMETHOD.
DATA restab TYPE string_table.
TYPES ty_inttab TYPE TABLE OF i WITH EMPTY KEY.
DATA(inttab) = REDUCE ty_inttab( INIT tab = VALUE ty_inttab( )
FOR i = -5 UNTIL i > 5
NEXT tab = VALUE #( BASE tab ( i ) ) ).
"----------------------------------------------------------------------------
"----------------------- CATCH BEFORE UNWIND -------------------------------
"----------------------------------------------------------------------------
"Example using the method
"The following example creates a table containing integers from -5 to 5. This
"table is looped across to have different values for divisions. Here, this
"value represents the second operand. The first operand is the sy-tabix
"value. The result is added to an internal table. When the second operand's
"value is 0, the exception is raised. In the CATCH BEFORE UNWIND block, the
"is_resumable attribute is evaluated. An info message is added to the internal
"table, and the processing continues after executing the RESUME statement.
DATA restab TYPE string_table.
TYPES ty_inttab TYPE TABLE OF i WITH EMPTY KEY.
DATA(inttab) = REDUCE ty_inttab( INIT tab = VALUE ty_inttab( )
FOR i = -5 UNTIL i > 5
NEXT tab = VALUE #( BASE tab ( i ) ) ).
LOOP AT inttab INTO DATA(wa).
TRY.
DATA(divres) = meth_resumable(
num1 = sy-tabix
num2 = wa
).
APPEND |{ sy-tabix } / { wa } = { divres }| TO restab.
CATCH BEFORE UNWIND zcx_demo_abap_error_b INTO DATA(error_resume).
DATA(is_resumable) = error_resume->is_resumable.
IF is_resumable IS NOT INITIAL.
APPEND |Exception raised. Is resumable? -> "{ is_resumable }"| TO restab.
RESUME.
ENDIF.
ENDTRY.
ENDLOOP.
LOOP AT inttab INTO DATA(wa).
TRY.
DATA(divres) = meth_resumable(
num1 = sy-tabix
num2 = wa
).
APPEND |{ sy-tabix } / { wa } = { divres }| TO restab.
CATCH BEFORE UNWIND zcx_demo_abap_error_b INTO DATA(error_resume).
DATA(is_resumable) = error_resume->is_resumable.
IF is_resumable IS NOT INITIAL.
APPEND |Exception raised. Is resumable? -> "{ is_resumable }"| TO restab.
RESUME.
ENDIF.
ENDTRY.
ENDLOOP.
out->write( data = restab name = `restab` ).
*Content of the result table:
*1 / -5 = 0.2-
*2 / -4 = 0.5-
*3 / -3 = 1-
*4 / -2 = 2-
*5 / -1 = 5-
*1 / -5 = 0.2-
*2 / -4 = 0.5-
*3 / -3 = 1-
*4 / -2 = 2-
*5 / -1 = 5-
*Exception raised. Is resumable? -> "X"
*6 / 0 = No result. Resumed!
*7 / 1 = 7
*8 / 2 = 4
*9 / 3 = 3
*10 / 4 = 2.5
*6 / 0 = No result. Resumed!
*7 / 1 = 7
*8 / 2 = 4
*9 / 3 = 3
*10 / 4 = 2.5
*11 / 5 = 2.2
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD meth_resumable.
"Demo method implementation demonstrating a RAISE EXCEPTION statement
"with the RESUMABLE addition (and an example for statement using the COND
"operator commented out)
IF num2 = 0 AND num1 <> 0.
RAISE RESUMABLE EXCEPTION TYPE zcx_demo_abap_error_b.
div_result = `No result. Resumed!`.
ELSE.
div_result = num1 / num2.
ENDIF.
"Statement with COND operator using RESUMABLE
"div_result = COND #( WHEN num2 = 0 AND num1 <> 0 THEN num1 / num2
" ELSE THROW RESUMABLE zcx_demo_abap_error( ) ).
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
```
<p align="right"><a href="#top">⬆️ back to top</a></p>
@@ -856,7 +871,7 @@ ENDLOOP.
- If an exception is raised and ...
- not handled, the exception text is displayed in the [short dump](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abenshort_dump_glosry.htm) of the runtime error.
- handled, the text can be retrieved using the `get_text` method as shown above.
- As outlined in the next section, exception classes must implement one of the system interfaces for messages to use exception texts.
- As outlined in the next section, exception classes must implement one of the system interfaces (or inherit from classes implementing them) for messages to use exception texts.
<p align="right"><a href="#top">⬆️ back to top</a></p>
@@ -1255,14 +1270,14 @@ ASSERT flag = abap_true.
### Local Exception Classes
- You can create local exception classes within your class pool for exceptions specific to your program that are not needed globally.
- The following simplified example experiments with a local exception class. It uses a message class that is part of the ABAP cheat sheet repository.
- The following simplified example explores a local exception class. It uses a message class that is part of the ABAP cheat sheet repository.
- In the example, the global class uses the exception class in a private method's signature. Therefore, the exception class declaration is placed in the *Class-Relevant Local Types* tab ([CCDEF include](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abenccdef_glosry.htm)). Its implementation is in the *Local Types* tab ([CCIMP include](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abenccimp_glosry.htm)) in ADT.
- You can add the following code to the three class includes of a demo class (the global class's name is `zcl_demo_abap` in the example), activate, and run the class using F9. The implementation of the private method, that includes the local exception class in the signature, contains several `RAISE EXCEPTION` statements demonstrating various syntax options of these statements. The example is designed to write exception texts to the console.
<table>
<tr>
<td> Class include </td> <td> Notes </td>
<td> Class include </td> <td> Code </td>
</tr>
<tr>
@@ -1359,7 +1374,7 @@ CLASS lcx_error DEFINITION INHERITING FROM cx_static_check.
attr4 TYPE scx_attrname VALUE '',
END OF some_error.
DATA text TYPE string.
DATA text TYPE string READ-ONLY.
METHODS constructor
IMPORTING
@@ -1523,12 +1538,12 @@ ABAP contract checks include ...
### Classic Exceptions
- In older ABAP code, you may encounter non-class-based exceptions, the predecessors of class-based exceptions.
- They should no longer be used.
- They should not be used in new developments.
- They are specified in method signatures with the `EXCEPTIONS` addition.
- Find more details in the [ABAP Keyword Documentation](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abenexceptions_non_class.htm).
Example:
- The following example shows the longer available `describe_by_name` method available in the [Runtime Type Identification (RTTI)](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abenrun_time_type_identific_glosry.htm) class `cl_abap_typedescr` (find more information in the Dynamic Programming cheat sheet).
- The following example shows the longer available `describe_by_name` method available in the [Runtime Type Identification (RTTI)](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abenrun_time_type_identific_glosry.htm) class `cl_abap_typedescr` (find more information in the [Dynamic Programming](06_Dynamic_Programming.md) cheat sheet).
- This method specifies `EXCEPTIONS` in the method signature.
- The example intentionally uses a class name that is (most probably) not available in the system.
- The exception is raised, and the `sy-subrc` value is evaluated.