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danrega
2024-01-22 10:08:37 +01:00
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05_Constructor_Expressions.md
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@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
position](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_cp_index_htm/CLOUD/en-US/index.htm?file=abenwrite_position_glosry.htm "Glossary Entry").
In doing so, such a variable declared inline can be given the
appropriate type and result of the constructor expression in one
go: `DATA(dec) = VALUE decfloat34( '1.23' )`.
go: `DATA(strtable) = VALUE string_table( ( `a` ) ( `b` ) ( `c` ) ).` or `DATA(dec) = CONV decfloat34( '1.23' ).`.
> **✔️ Hint**<br>
>- The construction of a result, i. e. a target [data
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ DATA(itab7) = VALUE tabtype( b = 'aaa' ( a = 1 c = `xxx` )
"ranges table.
TYPES int_tab_type TYPE TABLE OF i WITH EMPTY KEY.
"Populating an integer table with values from 1 to 20 (see iteration
"expressions with FOR furhter down)
"expressions with FOR further down)
DATA(inttab) = VALUE int_tab_type( FOR x = 1 WHILE x <= 20 ( x ) ).
DATA rangetab TYPE RANGE OF i.
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ MODIFY zdemo_abap_carr FROM TABLE @( VALUE #(
( carrid = 'ZZ'
carrname = 'ZZ Airways'
currcode = 'EUR'
url =  'some_url' ) ) ).
url =  'another_url' ) ) ).
```
> **💡 Note**<br>
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ Examples:
"The following examples demonstrate simple assignments
"with the CORRESPONDING operator using these syntax patterns.
"Note:
"- The examples show only a selection of pssible additions.
"- The examples show only a selection of possible additions.
"- There are various combinations of additions possible.
"- The effect of the statements is shown in lines commented out.
@@ -457,13 +457,13 @@ DATA: BEGIN OF s1,
a TYPE i,
b TYPE c LENGTH 3,
c TYPE c LENGTH 5,
END OF s1.
END OF s1.
DATA: BEGIN OF s2,
a TYPE i,
b TYPE c LENGTH 3,
d TYPE string,
END OF s2.
END OF s2.
"Populating structures
s1 = VALUE #( a = 1 b = 'aaa' c = 'bbbbb' ).
@@ -770,10 +770,11 @@ DATA(res) = 1 / 5.
TYPES inttab_type TYPE TABLE OF i WITH EMPTY KEY.
DATA itab TYPE SORTED TABLE OF i WITH NON-UNIQUE DEFAULT KEY.
FIELD-SYMBOLS <fs> TYPE inttab_type.
itab = VALUE #( ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ).
"The following assignment is not possible due to incompatible types,
"although the internal table has the same line type (but there is a
"different table type and key).
"The following assignment is not possible due to incompatible types.
"The internal table has the same line type, but it has a different
"table type and key.
"ASSIGN itab TO <fs>.
"Using CONV to convert the internal table to the required table type.
@@ -797,7 +798,8 @@ DATA e TYPE decfloat34.
e = '0.4'.
"Redundant conversion
"Derives the string type automatically
"The variable derives the type (string) automatically from the
"literal with the backquotes on the right-hand side.
DATA(f) = `hallo`.
"Produces a syntax warning
"DATA(g) = CONV string( `hallo` ).
@@ -843,7 +845,7 @@ TRY.
CATCH cx_sy_conversion_data_loss.
ENDTRY.
"-------------- Lossless Calculations -------------
"-------------- Lossless calculations -------------
"The first statement works, whereas the second statement raises an exception.
"A rounding to two decimal places is required.
@@ -1032,7 +1034,7 @@ ELSE.
ENDIF.
"Multiple logical expressions initiated by WHEN
"Also LET expressions (see details further down) are possible.
"Also LET expressions are possible. See more details further down.
DATA(time_of_day) = COND #( LET time = cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_time( ) IN
WHEN time BETWEEN '050001' AND '120000' THEN |Good morning, it's { time TIME = ISO }.|
WHEN time BETWEEN '120001' AND '180000' THEN |Good afternoon, it's { time TIME = ISO }.|
@@ -1051,12 +1053,12 @@ TRY.
DATA(div) = COND decfloat34( WHEN num1 <> 0 AND num2 <> 0 THEN num1 / num2
WHEN num1 = 0 AND num2 <> 0 THEN num1 / num2
ELSE THROW cx_sy_zerodivide( ) ).
CATCH cx_sy_zerodivide.
CATCH cx_sy_zerodivide.
DATA(two_zeros) = `Zero division`.
ENDTRY.
"Excursion: The following statement does not result in an error in ABAP (zero
"division 'allowed' if the first operand has also the value 0).
"Excursion for the example above: The following statement does not result in an
"error in ABAP (zero division 'allowed' if the first operand has also the value 0).
div = 0 / 0.
"THROW SHORTDUMP addition to raise a runtime error (working like RAISE SHORTDUMP
@@ -1089,24 +1091,24 @@ DATA(operator) = '*'.
DATA(num1) = 5.
DATA(num2) = 7.
DATA(calc_result) = SWITCH #( operator
WHEN '+' THEN |{ num1 + num2 STYLE = SIMPLE }|
WHEN '-' THEN |{ num1 - num2 STYLE = SIMPLE }|
WHEN '*' THEN |{ num1 * num2 STYLE = SIMPLE }|
WHEN '/' THEN |{ CONV decfloat34( num1 / num2 ) STYLE = SIMPLE }|
ELSE `Wrong operator.` ).
WHEN '+' THEN |{ num1 + num2 STYLE = SIMPLE }|
WHEN '-' THEN |{ num1 - num2 STYLE = SIMPLE }|
WHEN '*' THEN |{ num1 * num2 STYLE = SIMPLE }|
WHEN '/' THEN |{ CONV decfloat34( num1 / num2 ) STYLE = SIMPLE }|
ELSE `Wrong operator.` ).
"A constructor expression as above instead of, for example, a CASE statement as follows.
CASE operator.
WHEN '+'.
calc_result = |{ num1 + num2 STYLE = SIMPLE }|.
WHEN '-'.
calc_result = |{ num1 - num2 STYLE = SIMPLE }|.
WHEN '*'.
calc_result = |{ num1 * num2 STYLE = SIMPLE }|.
WHEN '/'.
calc_result = |{ CONV decfloat34( num1 / num2 ) STYLE = SIMPLE }|.
WHEN OTHERS.
calc_result = `Wrong operator.`.
WHEN '+'.
calc_result = |{ num1 + num2 STYLE = SIMPLE }|.
WHEN '-'.
calc_result = |{ num1 - num2 STYLE = SIMPLE }|.
WHEN '*'.
calc_result = |{ num1 * num2 STYLE = SIMPLE }|.
WHEN '/'.
calc_result = |{ CONV decfloat34( num1 / num2 ) STYLE = SIMPLE }|.
WHEN OTHERS.
calc_result = `Wrong operator.`.
ENDCASE.
```
@@ -1225,10 +1227,9 @@ DATA(time_of_day) = CONV string(
"Getting a particular column name of an existing internal table using RTTI
"An internal table (it contains information on the table's structured type; the
"component names, among others) is assigned to a data object that is declared
"inline. This is an example of how powerful constructor expressions (and inline
"declarations) are: You can make code more concise. Think of extra declarations
"for the data objects, or using the older ?= operator for the casts. Many more
"lines of code would be required.
"inline. This is an example of making code more concise with constructor expressions
"and inline declarations. Assume you use extra declarations for the data objects, or
"use the older ?= operator for the casts. Many more lines of code are required.
DATA(components) = CAST cl_abap_structdescr( CAST cl_abap_tabledescr(
cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_data( it ) )->get_table_line_type( ) )->components.
DATA(comp2_a) = components[ 2 ]-name. "COMP2
@@ -1339,8 +1340,8 @@ TYPES: BEGIN OF s,
END OF s.
TYPES itab_type TYPE TABLE OF s WITH EMPTY KEY.
DATA(itab) = VALUE itab_type( ( col1 = 'a' col2 = 1 col3 = 30 )
( col1 = 'bb' col2 = 2 col3 = 10 )
( col1 = 'ccc' col2 = 3 col3 = 20 ) ).
( col1 = 'bb' col2 = 2 col3 = 10 )
( col1 = 'ccc' col2 = 3 col3 = 20 ) ).
"-------------- Table iterations --------------
@@ -1552,8 +1553,8 @@ TYPES: BEGIN OF s,
END OF s.
TYPES itab_type TYPE TABLE OF s WITH EMPTY KEY.
DATA(itab) = VALUE itab_type( ( col1 = 'a' col2 = 1 col3 = 30 )
( col1 = 'bb' col2 = 2 col3 = 10 )
( col1 = 'ccc' col2 = 3 col3 = 20 ) ).
( col1 = 'bb' col2 = 2 col3 = 10 )
( col1 = 'ccc' col2 = 3 col3 = 20 ) ).
"---------- Table iterations ----------