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20_Selection_Screens_Lists.md
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@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
- [PARAMETERS](#parameters)
- [SELECT-OPTIONS](#select-options)
- [SELECTION-SCREEN](#selection-screen)
- [Variants of the SELECTION-SCREEN Statement](#variants-of-the-selection-screen-statement)
- [Calling Selection Screens](#calling-selection-screens)
- [Excursion: SUBMIT Statements](#excursion-submit-statements)
- [ABAP Statements for Classic Lists](#abap-statements-for-classic-lists)
@@ -47,6 +46,7 @@ For more detailed information and syntax options, see the topics [Selection Scre
<p align="right"><a href="#top">⬆️ back to top</a></p>
### Selection Screens
- Are special [dynpros](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_latest_index_htm/latest/en-US/index.htm?file=abendynpro_glosry.htm) in [executable programs](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_latest_index_htm/latest/en-US/index.htm?file=abenexecutable_program_glosry.htm) (*"reports"*; they're also possible in [function groups](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_latest_index_htm/latest/en-US/index.htm?file=abenfunction_group_glosry.htm) and [module pools](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_latest_index_htm/latest/en-US/index.htm?file=abenmodul_pool_glosry.htm), but the focus here is on executable programs).
- Used for data entry in an executable program, i.e. they allow users to ...
- enter parameters (for entering single values).
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ Selection screens can be created by using special ABAP statements in the global
- [`SELECTION-SCREEN`](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_latest_index_htm/latest/en-US/index.htm?file=abapselection-screen.htm)
### PARAMETERS
- Creates ...
- a program-global variable (similar to `DATA` statements)
- an input field on the selection screen automatically, i.e. the content of the program-global variable can be changed via the input field.
@@ -746,64 +747,466 @@ START-OF-SELECTION.
- Declares selection criteria for a data object
- Unlike the `PARAMETERS` statement, which specifies a single value for a variable, the `SELECT-OPTIONS` statement allows you to specify complex criteria, such as an value range or a list of single values, to include or exclude values, that can be evaluated.
- The selection criteria are assigned to a selection table (see [ranges table](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_latest_index_htm/latest/en-US/index.htm?file=abenranges_table_glosry.htm) and the type `TYPE RANGE OF`).
- Such a table type contains four columns - `LOW`, `HIGH`, `OPTION`, `SIGN` - for determining range conditions. Each line of such a table represents a condition.
- The selection criteria are assigned to a [selection table](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_latest_index_htm/latest/en-US/index.htm?file=abenselection_table_glosry.htm):
- Such a table contains four columns - `LOW`, `HIGH`, `OPTION`, `SIGN` - for determining range conditions. Each line of such a table represents a condition.
- Typically, the content of the selection table can be evaluated in `SELECT` statements using the `IN` operator in the `WHERE` clause.
- If the selection table is empty, all lines are respected.
- Selection tables have the same layout as [ranges table](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_latest_index_htm/latest/en-US/index.htm?file=abenranges_table_glosry.htm) that can be created using the syntax `TYPE RANGE OF`.
- For historical reasons, the selection table is a table with [header line](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_latest_index_htm/latest/en-US/index.htm?file=abenheader_line_glosry.htm). Therefore, if you want to address the table content (beyond the use in a `SELECT ... WHERE ... IN ...` statement), use the syntax `a[]`.
- Multiple additions are available, and combinations of them are possible.
Example:
```abap
DATA wa TYPE some_tab.
SELECT-OPTIONS sel FOR some_tab-some_comp.
SELECT *
FROM some_tab
WHERE some_comp IN @sel
INTO @wa.
...
ENDSELECT.
"Multiple additions and combinations are possible.
"The following statement creates two input fields that can be
"used to specify selection criteria on the selection screen.
"In addition, the Multiple Selection button is available to
"further specify the selection criteria, e.g. what to include,
"exclude, etc.. As in all examples, the variable is an internal
"table of type TYPE RANGE OF whose contents can be evaluated.
"The FOR addition is followed by an already declared data object.
SELECT-OPTIONS a FOR some_dobj.
"As mentioned above, NO-DISPLAY hides.
SELECT-OPTIONS b FOR some_dobj NO-DISPLAY.
"NO-EXTENSION: The Multiple Selection button is not created on the
"selection screen
SELECT-OPTIONS c FOR some_dobj NO-EXTENSION.
"NO INTERVALS: Only one input field. Intervals can still be selected
"using the Multiple Selection button.
SELECT-OPTIONS d FOR some_dobj NO INTERVALS.
"DEFAULT ... TO ...: Providing start values for the columns in the
"first line of the selection table (low and high values)
SELECT-OPTIONS e FOR some_dobj DEFAULT 3 TO 10.
"DEFAULT ... OPTION ... SIGN ...: Providing further start values.
"See details further down.
SELECT-OPTIONS f FOR some_dobj DEFAULT 4 TO 8 OPTION NB SIGN I.
```
The following table includes code snippets with a selection of available syntax options:
> **💡 Note**<br>
> Notes on the `OPTION` and `SIGN` additions:
> - `OPTION`
> - Start value for the `option` column for the condition in the form of comparison operators
> - `TO` not specified: `EQ` (equal), `NE` (not equals), `GE` (greater than or equals), `GT` (greater than), `LE` (less than or equals), `LT` (less than), `CP` (conforms to pattern), or `NP` (does not conform to pattern) must be specified
> - `TO` specified: Either `BT` (between) or `NB` (not between) must be specified
> - `OPTION` not specified: `EQ`/`BT` is used
> - For `CP` and `NP`, wildcard characters `*` or `+` must be specified.
> - `SIGN`
> - Start value for the `sign` column
> - Either `I` or `E` must be specified to include/exclude the result of the condition
> - `SIGN` not specified: `I` by default
> - For historical reasons, the selection table is a table with [header line](https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_latest_index_htm/latest/en-US/index.htm?file=abenheader_line_glosry.htm). Therefore, if you want to address the table content (beyond the use in a `SELECT ... WHERE ... IN ...` statement), use the syntax `a[]`.
> - Various combinations of multiple additions are possible with `SELECT-OPTIONS` statements.
> - To try out the code examples, you can create a demo executable program, copy and paste the code snippets, and run the programs using F8. They are designed to output content using classic lists.
> - The code snippets anticipate topics outlined further down, for example, event blocks and `WRITE` statements.
<table>
<tr>
<td> Subject/Addition </td> <td> Notes </td> <td> Code Snippet </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Determining the `low` and `high` columns in the selection table<br><br>
Addition `FOR`
</td>
<td>
- Determines the `low` and `high` columns in the selection table.
- Besides a statically defined data object from the program or public attributes of global classes, you can also dynamically specify a DDIC data type within parentheses.
- Note:
- Without the addition `NO_DISPLAY`, the data types must be elementary and flat (except type `f` and enumerated types).
- When you specify a reference to a DDIC type, its screen-related properties are used.
- In case of the dynamic specification, the columns in the selection table are created using type `c` length 45. A constant or variable containing the name of component of a flat structure from the DDIC can be specified. Literals are not evaluated.
</td>
<td>
The code snippet, copyable to a demo program and executable using F8, implements the following:
- A demo internal table is created. It is filled in the `INITIALIZATION` event block.
- Two `SELECT-OPTIONS` statements are included. The first references a statically data object after `FOR`, the second a dynamically specified DDIC type. The latter demonstrates that screen-relevant properties are inherited.
- When running the program, you can make entries. `SELECT` statements retrieve data from the internal table based on the specifications in the ranges table. To visualize the selection result, `WRITE` statements display table entries in a classic list.
``` abap
PROGRAM.
DATA: BEGIN OF demo_structure,
carrid TYPE c LENGTH 3,
num TYPE i,
END OF demo_structure.
DATA itab LIKE TABLE OF demo_structure WITH EMPTY KEY.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Referencing a statically defined data object
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
"In the example, a structure component is specified.
SELECT-OPTIONS sel1 FOR demo_structure-num.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Referencing a dynamically specified DDIC type
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
"Here, the name of a component of a flat structure from the DDIC
"is passed. The example type involves search help functionality.
"Screen-relevant properties are inherited.
DATA dyn_spec TYPE c LENGTH 12.
SELECT-OPTIONS sel2 FOR (dyn_spec).
INITIALIZATION.
itab = VALUE #( ( carrid = 'AA' num = 1 )
( carrid = 'AC' num = 2 )
( carrid = 'AF' num = 3 )
( carrid = 'AZ' num = 4 )
( carrid = 'BA' num = 5 )
( carrid = 'FJ' num = 6 )
( carrid = 'LH' num = 7 )
( carrid = 'JL' num = 8 )
( carrid = 'NW' num = 9 )
( carrid = 'QF' num = 10 )
( carrid = 'SQ' num = 11 )
( carrid = 'UA' num = 12 ) ).
dyn_spec = 'SCARR-CARRID'.
START-OF-SELECTION.
WRITE / `Selected values (sel1):`.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE num IN @sel1
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
SKIP.
SKIP.
WRITE / `Selected values (sel2):`.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE carrid IN @sel2
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
```
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Specifying screen options<br><br>
Additions `OBLIGATORY`, `NO-DISPLAY`, `VISIBLE LENGTH`, `NO-EXTENSION`, `NO INTERVALS`, `MODIF ID`
</td>
<td>
- `OBLIGATORY`: Declares the first input field as a required field. If there is no entry, the program cannot proceed when choosing Execute. A message will be displayed.
- `NO-DISPLAY`: Hides screen elements. Values (any flat types) can be supplied using `SUBMIT` statements. Note that there is no restriction to 45 characters.
- `VISIBLE LENGTH`: Defines the visible length of the input field.
- `NO-EXTENSION`: Cancels the option for multiple selection on the screen.
- `NO INTERVALS`: Removes the second input field on the screen.
- `MODIF ID`: See a description in the previous section about `PARAMETERS`.
- Note that combinations of the additions are possible.
</td>
<td>
The code snippet, copyable to a demo program and executable using F8, implements the following:
- A demo internal table is created. It is filled in the `INITIALIZATION` event block.
- Multiple `SELECT-OPTIONS` statements are included that specify additions.
- When running the program, you can make entries. `SELECT` statements retrieve data from the internal table based on the specifications in the ranges table. To visualize the selection result, `WRITE` statements display table entries in a classic list.
``` abap
PROGRAM.
DATA: BEGIN OF demo_structure,
carrid TYPE c LENGTH 3,
num TYPE i,
END OF demo_structure.
DATA itab LIKE TABLE OF demo_structure WITH EMPTY KEY.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& OBLIGATORY
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
SELECT-OPTIONS sel_oblg FOR demo_structure-num OBLIGATORY.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& NO-DISPLAY
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
SELECT-OPTIONS sel_nodi FOR demo_structure-num NO-DISPLAY.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& VISIBLE LENGTH
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
SELECT-OPTIONS sel_visl FOR demo_structure-carrid VISIBLE LENGTH 2.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& NO-EXTENSION
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
SELECT-OPTIONS sel_noet FOR demo_structure-num NO-EXTENSION.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& NO INTERVALS
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
SELECT-OPTIONS sel_noin FOR demo_structure-num NO INTERVALS.
INITIALIZATION.
itab = VALUE #( ( carrid = 'AA' num = 1 )
( carrid = 'AC' num = 2 )
( carrid = 'AF' num = 3 )
( carrid = 'AZ' num = 4 )
( carrid = 'BA' num = 5 )
( carrid = 'FJ' num = 6 )
( carrid = 'LH' num = 7 )
( carrid = 'JL' num = 8 )
( carrid = 'NW' num = 9 )
( carrid = 'QF' num = 10 )
( carrid = 'SQ' num = 11 )
( carrid = 'UA' num = 12 ) ).
START-OF-SELECTION.
WRITE / `Selected values (OBLIGATORY addition):`.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE num IN @sel_oblg
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
SKIP.
SKIP.
WRITE / `Selected values (NO-DISPLAY addition):`.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE num IN @sel_nodi
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
SKIP.
SKIP.
WRITE / `Selected values (VISIBLE LENGTH addition):`.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE carrid IN @sel_visl
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
SKIP.
SKIP.
WRITE / `Selected values (NO-EXTENSION addition):`.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE num IN @sel_noet
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
SKIP.
SKIP.
WRITE / `Selected values (NO INTERVALS addition):`.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE num IN @sel_noin
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
```
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Specifying value options<br><br>
Additions `DEFAULT a [TO b] [OPTION c] [SIGN d]`, `LOWER CASE`, `MATCHCODE OBJECT`, `MEMORY ID`
</td>
<td>
- `DEFAULT a [TO b] [OPTION c] [SIGN d]`: Defines start values for the first line of the selection table.
- `a` specifies the `low` column
- `b` specifies the `high` column
- `c` specifies the `option` column (specify the comparison expressions `eq`, `ne`, `ge`, `gt`, `le`, `lt`, `cp`, `np`, `bt`, `nb` directly after `OPTION`; restrictions apply if you do not specify `TO`; not specifying `OPTION` means `eq` or `bt` by default; to use patterns with `cp` and `np`, specify wildcard characters `*` or `+`)
- `d` specifies the `sign` column (specify either `i` or `e` to include or exclude; not specifying `SIGN` means `i` is used by default)
- `LOWER CASE`: Avoid autoamtic transformation to uppercase letters.
- `MATCHCODE OBJECT`: Links an input field with a DDIC search help
- `MEMORY ID`: See a description in the previous section about `PARAMETERS`.
</td>
<td>
The code snippet, copyable to a demo program and executable using F8, implements the following:
- A demo internal table is created. It is filled in the `INITIALIZATION` event block.
- Multiple `SELECT-OPTIONS` statements are included that specify additions.
- When running the program, you can make entries. `SELECT` statements retrieve data from the internal table based on the specifications in the ranges table. To visualize the selection result, `WRITE` statements display table entries in a classic list. Additionally, the content of the ranges tables is displayed.
``` abap
PROGRAM.
DATA: BEGIN OF demo_structure,
carrid TYPE c LENGTH 3,
num TYPE i,
END OF demo_structure.
DATA itab LIKE TABLE OF demo_structure WITH EMPTY KEY.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& DEFAULT a [TO b] [OPTION c] [SIGN d]
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
SELECT-OPTIONS sel_dfl1 FOR demo_structure-num DEFAULT 4.
SELECT-OPTIONS sel_dfl2 FOR demo_structure-num DEFAULT 2 TO 8.
SELECT-OPTIONS sel_dfl3 FOR demo_structure-num DEFAULT 5 TO 10 OPTION BT SIGN I.
SELECT-OPTIONS sel_dfl4 FOR demo_structure-num DEFAULT 5 TO 10 OPTION BT SIGN E.
SELECT-OPTIONS sel_dfl5 FOR demo_structure-carrid DEFAULT 'A*' OPTION CP SIGN I.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& LOWER CASE
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
"The example is specified with DEFAULT ... TO ... and includes values
"with uppercase and lowercase. If you leave the demo values, all table
"entries are read (starting from AA which is the first) as there is no
"lh value. It should be specified as LH in uppercase.
SELECT-OPTIONS sel_lc FOR demo_structure-carrid DEFAULT 'AA' TO 'lh' LOWER CASE.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& MATCHCODE OBJECT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
"The specified type includes a search help
SELECT-OPTIONS sel_mtch FOR demo_structure-carrid MATCHCODE OBJECT s_carrier_id.
INITIALIZATION.
itab = VALUE #( ( carrid = 'AA' num = 1 )
( carrid = 'AC' num = 2 )
( carrid = 'AF' num = 3 )
( carrid = 'AZ' num = 4 )
( carrid = 'BA' num = 5 )
( carrid = 'FJ' num = 6 )
( carrid = 'JL' num = 7 )
( carrid = 'LH' num = 8 )
( carrid = 'NW' num = 9 )
( carrid = 'QF' num = 10 )
( carrid = 'SQ' num = 11 )
( carrid = 'UA' num = 12 ) ).
START-OF-SELECTION.
WRITE / `Selected values (only DEFAULT):`.
LOOP AT sel_dfl1 ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<st>).
WRITE / |low: { <st>-low }, high: { <st>-high }, option: { <st>-option }, sign: { <st>-sign }|.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE num IN @sel_dfl1
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
SKIP.
SKIP.
WRITE / `Selected values (DEFAULT, TO):`.
LOOP AT sel_dfl2 ASSIGNING <st>.
WRITE / |low: { <st>-low }, high: { <st>-high }, option: { <st>-option }, sign: { <st>-sign }|.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE num IN @sel_dfl2
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
SKIP.
SKIP.
WRITE / `Selected values (DEFAULT, TO, OPTION, SIGN include):`.
LOOP AT sel_dfl3 ASSIGNING <st>.
WRITE / |low: { <st>-low }, high: { <st>-high }, option: { <st>-option }, sign: { <st>-sign }|.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE num IN @sel_dfl3
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
SKIP.
SKIP.
WRITE / `Selected values (DEFAULT, TO, OPTION, SIGN exclude):`.
LOOP AT sel_dfl4 ASSIGNING <st>.
WRITE / |low: { <st>-low }, high: { <st>-high }, option: { <st>-option }, sign: { <st>-sign }|.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE num IN @sel_dfl4
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
SKIP.
SKIP.
WRITE / `Selected values (DEFAULT, OPTION using CP for patterns, SIGN include):`.
LOOP AT sel_dfl5 ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<fs>).
WRITE / |low: { <fs>-low }, high: { <fs>-high }, option: { <fs>-option }, sign: { <fs>-sign }|.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE carrid IN @sel_dfl5
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
SKIP.
SKIP.
WRITE / `Selected values (LOWER CASE):`.
LOOP AT sel_lc ASSIGNING <fs>.
WRITE / |low: { <fs>-low }, high: { <fs>-high }, option: { <fs>-option }, sign: { <fs>-sign }|.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE carrid IN @sel_lc
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
SKIP.
SKIP.
WRITE / `Selected values (MATCHCODE OBJECT):`.
LOOP AT sel_mtch ASSIGNING <fs>.
WRITE / |low: { <fs>-low }, high: { <fs>-high }, option: { <fs>-option }, sign: { <fs>-sign }|.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP.
SELECT *
FROM @itab AS tab
WHERE carrid IN @sel_mtch
INTO @demo_structure.
WRITE / |{ demo_structure-carrid } { demo_structure-num }|.
ENDSELECT.
```
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p align="right"><a href="#top">⬆️ back to top</a></p>
@@ -857,9 +1260,7 @@ SELECTION-SCREEN END OF SCREEN 9003.
"Note: There are more additions available regarding display adjustment, among others.
```
<p align="right"><a href="#top">⬆️ back to top</a></p>
#### Variants of the SELECTION-SCREEN Statement
**Variants of the SELECTION-SCREEN Statement**
- The variants do not create selection screens, but are used to change the layout of selection screens, create additional screen elements, and so on.
- Example: The `PARAMETERS` and `SELECT-OPTIONS` statements create input fields on an individual line. Using the variants of the `SELECTION-SCREEN` statement, you can arrange the layout differently.