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danrega
2023-03-10 16:03:52 +01:00
parent a1775f5983
commit e3c1fbedb6
1 changed files with 187 additions and 112 deletions
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src/zcl_demo_abap_structures.clas.abap
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@@ -107,50 +107,20 @@ protected section.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD class_constructor.
initialize_dbtabs( ).
fill_deep_structures( ).
"Filling demo database tables.
zcl_demo_abap_flight_tables=>fill_dbtabs( ).
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD fill_deep_structures.
"Clearing all content of gs_deep2
CLEAR gs_deep2.
"Filling nested tables in deep structures
gs_deep2-substruc = VALUE #( comp1 = `aaa`
comp2 = `bbb`
comp3 = `ccc`).
gs_deep1-itab = VALUE #(
( col1 = 111 col2 = 222 )
( col1 = 333 col2 = 444
) ).
gs_deep2-itab = VALUE #(
( col2 = 1 col3 = 2 col4 = 3 )
( col2 = 4 col3 = 5 col4 = 6 )
( col2 = 7 col3 = 8 col4 = 9 )
).
"Filling individual component that is not shared by both structures
gs_deep2-comp4 = 999.
ENDMETHOD.
CLASS zcl_demo_abap_structures IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD if_oo_adt_classrun~main.
DATA(output) = NEW zcl_demo_abap_display( out ).
output->display( `Demo: Working with Structures` ).
output->display( `ABAP Cheat Sheet Demonstration Example: Working with Structures` ).
"The following declarations are just for demonstration purposes to
"visualize how declarations of local structures and structured
**********************************************************************
output->display( `1) Creating structures and structured types` ).
"The following declarations are just included for demonstration purposes
"to show how declarations of local structures and structured
"types can look like.
"Declaring structured type locally (flat structure)
@@ -162,8 +132,8 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
pnum TYPE p LENGTH 8 DECIMALS 2,
END OF lty_struc.
"Alternatively, you could also use the syntax below. For better
"readability, use a chained statement with the colon as above.
"Alternatively, you could use the following syntax.
"However, a chained statement as above provides better readability.
TYPES BEGIN OF gs_struc_alt.
TYPES num1 TYPE i.
TYPES num2 TYPE i.
@@ -177,11 +147,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
DATA ls_struc TYPE lty_struc.
"b. Based on global types in the DDIC
"Note: There might also be global structures or views
"which are not covered here.
DATA ls_glo_tab TYPE zdemo_abap_flsch. "database table
"c. Directly declare data object plus defining the components
"c. Directly declaring a structure with DATA and specifying the components
DATA: BEGIN OF ls_direct_decl,
num1 TYPE i,
num2 TYPE i,
@@ -190,8 +158,8 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
pnum TYPE p LENGTH 8 DECIMALS 2,
END OF ls_direct_decl.
"Alternatively, you could also use the syntax below. For better
"readability, use a chained statement with the colon as above.
"d. Alternatively, you could use the following syntax.
"However, a chained statement as above provides better readability.
DATA BEGIN OF ls_direct_decl_alt.
DATA num1 TYPE i.
DATA num2 TYPE i.
@@ -200,17 +168,24 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
DATA pnum TYPE p LENGTH 8 DECIMALS 2.
DATA END OF ls_direct_decl_alt.
"d. Based on another local structured data object + internal table
"e. Based on structure and internal table (type)
DATA ls_like_dobj LIKE ls_struc.
DATA ls_like_line_of_itab LIKE LINE OF gt_tab.
DATA ls_type_line_of_itab TYPE LINE OF string_table.
"e. Using inline declaration.
"f. Using inline declaration.
"Type is inferred from the right-hand structure; the content is also assigned
DATA(struc_inl1) = ls_struc.
"Declaring structure inline and filling with VALUE operator
"Declaring structure inline and populating it using the VALUE operator
DATA(struc_inl2) = VALUE lty_struc( num1 = 1 num2 = 2 ).
output->display( `Variants of structures` ).
output->display( `1) Flat structure with default values` ).
output->display( `No output for this section. See the code.` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `Variants of structures` ).
output->display( `2) Flat structure with default values` ).
"Flat structures only contain elementary data types
@@ -225,7 +200,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = ls_flat name = `ls_flat` ).
output->next_section( `2) Nested structure` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `3) Nested structure` ).
"Nested structures contain at least one structure as component
@@ -248,7 +225,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = ls_nested_address name = `ls_nested_address` ).
output->next_section( `3) Deep structure with strings` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `4) Deep structure with strings` ).
"Deep structures contain at least one deep component, for
"example, internal tables, strings.
@@ -262,7 +241,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = ls_flat_address name = `ls_flat_address` ).
output->next_section( `4) Deep structure with internal table as component` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `5) Deep structure with internal table as component` ).
"Structured type for nested internal table
TYPES: BEGIN OF lty_flights,
@@ -291,9 +272,11 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = ls_flights name = `ls_flights` ).
output->next_section( `Accessing and filling structures` ).
output->display( `5) Filling structure components` &&
` using the component selector` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `Accessing and populating structures` ).
output->display( `6) Populating structure components` &&
` using the component selector` ).
gs_struc-num1 = 1.
gs_struc-num2 = 2.
@@ -303,7 +286,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = gs_struc name = `gs_struc` ).
output->next_section( `6) Filling structure components ` &&
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `7) Populating structure components ` &&
`using the VALUE operator` ).
"Value assignments by addressing the structure components individually
@@ -352,7 +337,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = ls_nested_address name = `ls_nested_address` ).
output->display( input = ls_flights name = `ls_flights` ).
output->next_section( `7) Creating and filling a new structure ` &&
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `8) Creating and populating a new structure ` &&
`using the VALUE operator` ).
"In the example below in which a new structure is created by declaring
@@ -368,8 +355,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = ls_copy name = `ls_copy` ).
output->next_section( `8) Accessing individual components using the ` &&
`component selector "-"` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `9) Accessing individual components using the ` &&
`component selector` ).
"Assigning value of individual component to a variable
DATA(lv_copy) = gs_struc-num1.
@@ -385,8 +374,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = ls_nested_address-name-first_name name = `ls_nested_address-name-first_name` ).
output->display( input = ls_flights-lt_flights[ 1 ]-cityto name = `ls_flights-lt_flights[ 1 ]-cityto` ).
output->next_section( `9) Excursion: Addressing components of a variable` &&
` referencing to a structure ` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `10) Excursion: Addressing components of a variable` &&
` referring to a structure ` ).
"Creating a data reference variable.
DATA(ref) = NEW gty_struc( ).
@@ -403,7 +394,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = ref_comp1 name = `ref_comp1` ).
output->display( input = ref_comp2 name = `ref_comp2` ).
output->next_section( `10) Using structure components for ` &&
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `11) Using structure components for ` &&
`data type and data object declarations` ).
TYPES: lty_1 TYPE gty_struc-num1,
@@ -415,8 +408,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = lv_num1 name = `lv_num1` ).
output->display( input = lv_num2 name = `lv_num2` ).
output->next_section( `11) Copying content of a structure to another ` &&
`one that has the same type` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `12) Copying content of a structure to another ` &&
` that has the same type using the assignment operator` ).
"Note: In the case below, a MOVE-CORRESPONDING statement as shown
"further down would have the same effect:
@@ -428,9 +423,11 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = gs_struc_2 name = `gs_struc_2` ).
output->next_section( `12) Copying content of a structure to another` &&
` one that has a different type using` &&
` MOVE-CORRESPONDING/CORRESPONDING operator` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `13) Copying content of a structure to another` &&
` that has an incompatible type using` &&
` MOVE-CORRESPONDING statemtns and the CORRESPONDING operator` ).
"Both statements with MOVE-CORRESPONDING and the CORRESPONDING
"operator are used to assign identically named components of
@@ -489,8 +486,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = gs_struc_diff4 name = `gs_struc_diff4` ).
output->display( input = gs_struc_diff5 name = `gs_struc_diff5` ).
output->next_section( `13) Excursion: Copying content of a deep ` &&
`structure to another one by using various additions` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `14) Copying content of a deep ` &&
`structure to another` ).
output->display( 'Original content of deep structures:' ).
"Note: The example purposely uses non-fitting components
@@ -499,7 +498,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = gs_deep1 name = `gs_deep1` ).
output->display( input = gs_deep2 name = `gs_deep2` ).
output->display( `13a) MOVE-CORRESPONDING without additions` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `15) MOVE-CORRESPONDING without additions` ).
"Notes on the result:
"- Existing content of identically named components is replaced.
@@ -521,8 +522,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
fill_deep_structures( ).
output->next_section( `13b) MOVE-CORRESPONDING with the addition ` &&
`EXPANDING NESTED TABLES` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `16) MOVE-CORRESPONDING with the ` &&
`EXPANDING NESTED TABLES addition` ).
"Notes on the result:
"- Existing content of identically named components is replaced.
@@ -541,8 +544,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
fill_deep_structures( ).
output->next_section( `13c) MOVE-CORRESPONDING with the addition` &&
` KEEPING TARGET LINES` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `17) MOVE-CORRESPONDING with the` &&
` KEEPING TARGET LINES addition` ).
"Notes on the result:
"- Existing content of identically named components is replaced.
@@ -563,8 +568,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
fill_deep_structures( ).
output->next_section( `13d) MOVE-CORRESPONDING with the addition ` &&
`EXPANDING NESTED TABLES KEEPING TARGET LINES` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `18) MOVE-CORRESPONDING with the ` &&
`EXPANDING NESTED TABLES KEEPING TARGET LINES addition` ).
"Notes on the result:
"- Existing content of identically named components is replaced.
@@ -586,7 +593,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
fill_deep_structures( ).
output->next_section( `13e) CORRESPONDING operator without addition` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `19) CORRESPONDING operator without additions` ).
"Notes on the result:
"- Existing content of identically named components is replaced.
@@ -605,8 +614,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
fill_deep_structures( ).
output->next_section( `13f) CORRESPONDING operator with the addition` &&
` DEEP` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `20) CORRESPONDING operator with the` &&
` DEEP addition` ).
"Notes on the result:
"- Existing content of identically named components is replaced.
@@ -625,8 +636,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
fill_deep_structures( ).
output->next_section( `13g) CORRESPONDING operator with the addition` &&
` BASE` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `21) CORRESPONDING operator with the` &&
` BASE addition` ).
"Notes on the result:
"- Existing content of identically named components is replaced.
@@ -647,8 +660,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
fill_deep_structures( ).
output->next_section( `13h) CORRESPONDING operator with the additions ` &&
`DEEP BASE` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `22) CORRESPONDING operator with the ` &&
`DEEP BASE addition` ).
"Notes on the result:
"- Existing content of identically named components is replaced.
@@ -668,8 +683,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
fill_deep_structures( ).
output->next_section( `13i) CORRESPONDING operator with the additions ` &&
`APPENDING` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `23) CORRESPONDING operator with the ` &&
`APPENDING addition` ).
"Notes on the result:
"- Existing content of identically named components is replaced.
@@ -690,8 +707,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
fill_deep_structures( ).
output->next_section( `13j) CORRESPONDING operator with the additions ` &&
`DEEP APPENDING` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `24) CORRESPONDING operator with the ` &&
`DEEP APPENDING addition` ).
"Notes on the result:
"- Existing content of identically named components is replaced.
@@ -711,7 +730,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = gs_deep2 name = `gs_deep2` ).
output->next_section( `14) Clearing individual components of a ` &&
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `25) Clearing individual components of a ` &&
`structure and the complete structure` ).
"Clearing individual component
@@ -724,13 +745,15 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = gs_struc name = `gs_struc` ).
output->next_section( `Structures in use in the context of tables` ).
output->display( `15) Reading a line from a database table into a ` &&
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `Processing structures` ).
output->display( `Reading a row from a database table into a ` &&
`structure ...` ).
output->display( `15a) ... that has a matching type` ).
output->display( `26) ... that has a compatible type` ).
"The first entry that is found according to the WHERE condition is
"returned. Instead of creating a structure having a matching type,
"returned. Instead of creating a structure having a compatible type,
"the structure can be declared inline.
DATA ls_flsch1 TYPE zdemo_abap_flsch.
@@ -748,7 +771,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = ls_flsch1 name = `ls_flsch1` ).
output->display( input = ls_flsch2 name = `ls_flsch2` ).
output->next_section( `15b) ... that has a different type` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `27) ... that has a different type` ).
"Creating structure having a different type.
DATA: BEGIN OF ls_fli_diff,
@@ -768,8 +793,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = ls_fli_diff name = `ls_fli_diff` ).
output->next_section( `16) Reading a line from an internal table into a structure ...` ).
output->display( `16a) ... using a SELECT statement` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `Reading a line from an internal table into a structure ...` ).
output->display( `28) ... using a SELECT statement` ).
"Creating and filling an internal table to be read from
DATA itab TYPE TABLE OF zdemo_abap_flsch WITH EMPTY KEY.
@@ -787,7 +814,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = ls_select_itab name = `ls_select_itab` ).
output->next_section( `16b) ... using a READ TABLE statement` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `29) ... using a READ TABLE statement` ).
"The example shows the reading of one line into a work area, field
"symbol and a data reference variable, all representing structured
@@ -807,7 +836,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = <fs1> name = `<fs1>` ).
output->display( input = dref->* name = `dref->*` ).
output->next_section( `16c) ... using a table expression` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `30) ... using a table expression` ).
"The line number, that is, the index, is specified in square
"brackets.
@@ -815,8 +846,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = ls_table_exp name = `ls_table_exp` ).
output->next_section( `17) Sequentially reading a line from ...` ).
output->display( `17a) ... a database table into a structure` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `Sequentially reading ...` ).
output->display( `31) ... a row from a database table into a structure` ).
"In the given simple example, the line that is found and returned
"in a structure, that is declared inline, is simply added to an
@@ -833,7 +866,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = itab name = `itab` ).
output->next_section( `17b) ... an internal table into a structure` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `32) ... a line from an internal table into a structure` ).
"The given example covers the reading of a line into a field symbol.
"Within the loop, a modification is carried out on a component
@@ -845,8 +880,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = itab name = `itab` ).
output->next_section( `18) Inserting an individual row from a structure` &&
` into a database table` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `33) Inserting a single row ` &&
`into a database table from a structure` ).
"The statements in the given example can be considered as
"alternatives. The third statement demonstrates that the structure
@@ -882,8 +919,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
select_from_dbtab( ).
output->display( input = gt_tab name = `gt_tab` ).
output->next_section( `19) Updating an individual row from a structure` &&
` in a database table` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `34) Updating a single row ` &&
`in a database table from a structure` ).
ls_struc_db = VALUE #( key_field = 2
char1 = 'GGG'
@@ -902,8 +941,10 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
select_from_dbtab( ).
output->display( input = gt_tab name = `gt_tab` ).
output->next_section( `20) Excursion: Updating an individual row from a ` &&
`structure in a database table without overwriting specific ` &&
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `35) Updating a single row ` &&
`in a database table from a structure without overwriting specific ` &&
`components` ).
"If you want to update a database table row from a structure by
@@ -923,7 +964,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
select_from_dbtab( ).
output->display( input = gt_tab name = `gt_tab` ).
output->next_section( `21) Updating or creating an individual` &&
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `36) Updating or creating a single` &&
` row in a database table from a structure using MODIFY` ).
"You can update or create an individual row in a database table
@@ -963,7 +1006,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
select_from_dbtab( ).
output->display( input = gt_tab name = `gt_tab` ).
output->next_section( `22) Adding rows to and updating individual rows` &&
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `36) Adding rows to and updating single rows` &&
` in an internal table from a structure` ).
"INSERT and MODIFY are ABAP statements in this context, not ABAP SQL
@@ -1016,7 +1061,9 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
output->display( input = gt_tab name = `gt_tab` ).
output->next_section( `23) Excursion: Including structures` ).
**********************************************************************
output->next_section( `37) Including structures` ).
"The example shows the inclusion of structured types and data
"objects in another structure. First, three structured types as
@@ -1068,12 +1115,40 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD class_constructor.
initialize_dbtabs( ).
fill_deep_structures( ).
"Filling demo database tables.
zcl_demo_abap_flight_tables=>fill_dbtabs( ).
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD fill_deep_structures.
"Clearing all content of gs_deep2
CLEAR gs_deep2.
"Filling nested tables in deep structures
gs_deep2-substruc = VALUE #( comp1 = `aaa`
comp2 = `bbb`
comp3 = `ccc`).
gs_deep1-itab = VALUE #(
( col1 = 111 col2 = 222 )
( col1 = 333 col2 = 444
) ).
gs_deep2-itab = VALUE #(
( col2 = 1 col3 = 2 col4 = 3 )
( col2 = 4 col3 = 5 col4 = 6 )
( col2 = 7 col3 = 8 col4 = 9 )
).
"Filling individual component that is not shared by both structures
gs_deep2-comp4 = 999.
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD initialize_dbtabs.
DELETE FROM zdemo_abap_tab1.
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD select_from_dbtab.
SELECT FROM zdemo_abap_tab1
@@ -1083,4 +1158,4 @@ CLASS ZCL_DEMO_ABAP_STRUCTURES IMPLEMENTATION.
INTO TABLE @gt_tab.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
ENDCLASS.